Eco-Efficiency
The consumption of natural assets—materials, energy, water, etc—per unit of output.
There is a five-step sequence:
1. the derivation of products (e.g., usable materials, oil, collected water) from the available natural capital;
2. the production of goods from those products;
3. the services derived from the goods that have been produced;
4. the use made of those services; and
5. the consumer’s behaviour and way of life which determines his or her need for the service.
Each of these stages provides an opportunity for improvements in efficiency, which multiply up: for instance, a 40 percent improvement at each stage multiplies into a 92 percent improvement overall.
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